The EIL may differ according to the distinct pest, crop, and location. It signifies the point at which intervention is important to avoid economic losses. The eleventh-century Previous English medical textual content Lacnunga contained charms and spells to chase away or treat pests including wid smeogan wyrme, "penetrating worms", In https://webnowmedia.com/story5351757/5-essential-elements-for-crm